Sintesi

The TNY266PN is a highly integrated, energy-efficient off-line switcher developed by Power Integrations, Inc., and is part of the TinySwitch-II family. This device integrates multiple functionalities onto a monolithic chip, including a 700 V power MOSFET, oscillator, high voltage switched current source, current limit, and thermal shutdown circuitry. The integration of these components eliminates the need for additional circuitry, such as a bias winding, thus simplifying the design process and reducing overall system costs

. Notable for its high efficiency, the TNY266PN features EcoSmart® technology, achieving no-load power consumption of less than 50 mW with a bias winding and less than 250 mW without a bias winding at 265 VAC input. This makes it compliant with stringent energy standards set by the California Energy Commission (CEC), Energy Star, and the European Union, positioning it as an ideal solution for applications such as cell phone chargers and PC standby power supplies. The device operates at a frequency of 132 kHz, which allows for smaller transformer sizes and the use of low-cost cores, further contributing to cost efficiency and compact design. One of the key features of the TNY266PN is its fully integrated auto-restart functionality, which provides protection against short circuit and open loop faults without the need for external components. This feature enhances the reliability of the device, making it suitable for various applications where safety and consistent performance are crucial. Additionally, built-in frequency jittering reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI) by approximately 10 dB, minimizing the need for extensive EMI filtering components and thus reducing overall system costs. The TNY266PN stands out for its simple ON/OFF control mechanism, which eliminates the need for loop compensation, thereby simplifying the design process and reducing the likelihood of manufacturing rework. Its high bandwidth allows for fast turn-on with no overshoot, ensuring stable and reliable operation. Integrated safety features such as current limit and thermal shutdown enhance the overall robustness of the device, making it a cost-effective and reliable choice for a wide range of power supply applications.

Caratteristiche principali

The TNY266PN, a member of the TinySwitch-II family by Power Integrations, is an enhanced, energy-efficient, low power off-line switcher designed to integrate multiple functionalities onto a monolithic device. This integration includes a 700 V power MOSFET, oscillator, high voltage switched current source, current limit, and thermal shutdown circuitry

. One of the prominent features of TinySwitch-II devices is their ability to draw start-up and operating power directly from the voltage on the DRAIN pin, which eliminates the need for a bias winding and associated circuitry. This feature simplifies the design and reduces system costs.

1. Auto-Restart Functionality: The TNY266PN includes fully integrated auto-restart for short circuit and open loop fault protection, which saves external component costs and enhances the reliability of the device.
2. EcoSmart® Technology: These devices are extremely energy efficient. They achieve no-load power consumption of less than 50 mW with a bias winding and less than 250 mW without a bias winding at 265 VAC input. This makes them compliant with California Energy Commission (CEC), Energy Star, and EU requirements, making them ideal for applications such as cell phone chargers and PC standby power supplies.
3. Cost-Effective and High Performance: The TNY266PN offers better cost/performance compared to RCC and linear solutions. It operates at a frequency of 132 kHz, which reduces the size of the transformer and allows for the use of low-cost cores such as EF12.6 or EE13. Additionally, built-in frequency jittering reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI) by approximately 10 dB, thereby minimizing EMI filter component costs.
4. Safety and Reliability: The device integrates built-in current limit and thermal shutdown circuitry. This ensures protection against overheating and overcurrent conditions, improving overall safety.
5. Simple Design and Manufacturing: The TinySwitch-II’s simple ON/OFF control scheme practically eliminates the need for loop compensation, making the design process straightforward and reducing the likelihood of rework during manufacturing. Furthermore, the elimination of the bias winding simplifies the transformer design, making it more cost-effective.

Progressi tecnologici

The Power Integration TNY266PN has been designed with several technological advancements to enhance its efficiency and performance in AC to DC power conversion. The device operates at a frequency of 132 kHz, which significantly reduces the transformer size, allowing the use of smaller and more cost-effective cores like EF12.6 or EE13

.

Auto-Restart Operation

One of the notable features of the TNY266PN is its auto-restart operation, which is activated in the event of fault conditions such as output overload, short circuits, or open loop conditions. This feature integrates an internal counter reset mechanism that ensures safe operation by limiting the output power during these fault conditions

.

Current Limit and Enable Function

The TNY266PN employs a sophisticated current limit state machine to reduce the current limit threshold under medium and light loads. It also features a leading-edge blanking circuit that inhibits the current limit comparator to prevent premature termination of the switching pulse due to current spikes caused by capacitance and secondary-side rectifier recovery time

. The enable (EN/UV) pin determines whether to proceed with the next switching cycle, providing a stable power supply with reduced output voltage ripple determined by the output capacitor and energy per switch cycle.

Efficienza energetica

The device is designed to be extremely energy-efficient, meeting stringent requirements set by the California Energy Commission (CEC), Energy Star, and the European Union. It achieves a no-load power consumption of less than 50 mW with a bias winding and less than 250 mW without a bias winding at a 265 VAC input, making it ideal for applications like cell-phone chargers and PC standby supplies

.

Simplified Design

The TNY266PN simplifies the design process by eliminating the need for a bias winding, thereby reducing the cost and complexity of the transformer. It also utilizes a simple ON/OFF control mechanism, negating the need for loop compensation and practically eliminating rework in manufacturing

. The integrated 700 V power MOSFET, oscillator, high voltage switched current source, and other essential circuits onto a monolithic device streamline the power supply design while improving safety with built-in thermal protection.

Output Power Capabilities

The TNY266PN supports various output power configurations, delivering up to 23W at 230 VAC and 15W at 85-265 VAC in open-frame designs, and up to 16W at 230 VAC and 10W at 85-265 VAC in non-ventilated enclosed adapters. This versatility makes it suitable for a wide range of applications, from adapters to battery chargers

.

Specifiche tecniche

The TNY266PN is an enhanced, energy-efficient, low-power off-line switcher designed to provide high performance and reliability for a variety of applications. It integrates a 700V power MOSFET, oscillator, high-voltage switched current source, current limit, and thermal shutdown circuitry into a monolithic device, eliminating the need for a bias winding and associated circuitry

.

Potenza di uscita

The device delivers an output power of 23W at 230VAC and 15W across a range of 85VAC to 265VAC in an open frame design

. When housed in a non-ventilated enclosed adapter, the output power decreases to 16W at 230VAC and 10W across the same voltage range.

Performance Features

The TNY266PN boasts several features aimed at improving efficiency and reducing system costs:

• Programmable Line Under-Voltage Detect: Prevents power on/off glitches by incorporating a programmable line under-voltage detect feature, thus eliminating the need for additional components.
• Frequency Jittering: This feature dramatically reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI) by approximately 10dB, minimizing EMI filter component costs.
• High Frequency Operation: The 132kHz operation reduces transformer size, allowing the use of EF12.6 or EE13 cores, which are both cost-effective and compact.
• Low Component Count: The switcher solution’s design minimizes the number of components needed, simplifying the manufacturing process and virtually eliminating rework.
• Simple ON/OFF Control: Eliminates the need for loop compensation, simplifying the overall design.

Efficienza energetica

The TNY266PN is engineered to be extremely energy-efficient:

• No Load Consumption: It has a no-load power consumption of less than 50mW with a bias winding and less than 250mW without a bias winding at 265VAC input, meeting stringent energy standards such as those set by the California Energy Commission (CEC), Energy Star, and the EU.
• High Bandwidth: This provides fast turn-on with no overshoot, enhancing performance, especially in applications like cell-phone chargers and PC standby power supplies.
• Current Limit Operation: The device rejects line frequency ripple through its current limit operation, ensuring stable performance under varying load conditions.

Caratteristiche di sicurezza

The TNY266PN includes several built-in safety features:

• Auto-Restart: The device incorporates auto-restart for short circuit and open loop fault protection, reducing the need for external components.
• Thermal Protection: Integrated thermal shutdown circuitry improves safety by protecting the device from overheating.

Descrizione funzionale

The TinySwitch-II integrates several essential components, including a 700 V power MOSFET, an oscillator, a high voltage switched current source, current limit, and thermal shutdown circuitry, all onto a monolithic device. The start-up and operating power are derived directly from the voltage on the DRAIN pin, eliminating the need for a bias winding and associated circuitry

. This integration reduces system cost and complexity while improving performance and reliability.

Start-up and Power Operation

The TinySwitch-II device leverages the voltage on the DRAIN pin to provide start-up and operating power. This design choice eliminates the necessity for additional bias windings and associated circuitry, streamlining the overall design process and reducing costs

. The integrated start-up and operating power mechanisms ensure that the device can begin functioning immediately once power is applied, enhancing its efficiency and reliability.

Auto-Restart Feature

The TinySwitch-II includes an auto-restart mechanism that is vital for protecting the device during fault conditions, such as an output short circuit or an open-loop scenario

. During such fault conditions, an internal counter, clocked by the oscillator, resets every time the EN/UV pin is pulled low. If the EN/UV pin is not pulled low for 50 ms, the power MOSFET switching is disabled for 850 ms, ensuring the device does not operate under faulty conditions. This alternating enable/disable cycle continues until the fault is cleared, safeguarding the device and the overall circuit.

Line Under-Voltage Sense Circuit

The line under-voltage sense circuit is another critical feature of the TinySwitch-II. It ensures that the switching of the power MOSFET is disabled during a line under-voltage condition, thereby preventing potential damage or erratic operation

. The DC line voltage is monitored by connecting an external resistor from the DC line to the EN/UV pin. This functionality not only enhances the robustness of the device but also ensures consistent performance across varying input conditions.

Enable Function

The TinySwitch-II senses the EN/UV pin to determine whether to proceed with the next switching cycle

. This pin signal is generated on the secondary side by comparing the power supply output voltage with a reference voltage. If the output voltage is less than the reference voltage, the EN/UV pin signal goes high, prompting the device to start a new cycle. Once a cycle starts, it completes even if the state of the EN/UV pin changes midway through the cycle. This operation ensures a stable power supply output voltage, where the ripple is determined by the output capacitor, the energy per switch cycle, and the feedback delay.

Frequency Jittering

The TinySwitch-II incorporates frequency jittering, which significantly reduces Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) by approximately 10 dB

. This reduction in EMI minimizes the need for extensive EMI filtering components, contributing to lower overall system costs. The 132 kHz operation further reduces the size of the transformer, allowing for the use of smaller cores and ultimately resulting in a more compact and cost-effective design.

Considerazioni sulla progettazione

The TNY266PN is part of the TinySwitch-II family, which integrates several components to provide high efficiency and low system cost in power supply designs. Key design considerations for implementing the TNY266PN include its cost-effective replacement for bulky regulated linears and its high efficiency, meeting stringent energy standards such as those from the California Energy Commission (CEC), Energy Star, and the EU

.

System Cost Reduction

One of the primary advantages of the TNY266PN is its ability to reduce overall system cost. The device’s design incorporates several features that eliminate the need for additional external components. For example, the fully integrated auto-restart for short circuit and open loop fault protection not only saves on component costs but also enhances reliability by safely limiting output power during fault conditions

. Additionally, the programmable line under-voltage detect feature prevents power on/off glitches, further reducing the need for external components.

Efficienza e prestazioni

The TinySwitch-II devices, including the TNY266PN, are engineered to be extremely energy-efficient. They have a no-load consumption of less than 50 mW with a bias winding and less than 250 mW without a bias winding at a 265 VAC input

. These efficiency levels help the TNY266PN meet various energy efficiency requirements, making it ideal for applications such as cell-phone chargers and PC standby power supplies.

Simplified Design

The TNY266PN simplifies the power supply design process by eliminating the need for a bias winding and associated circuitry, thanks to its high voltage powered design

. This feature not only reduces the transformer complexity and cost but also minimizes rework during manufacturing. The high bandwidth of the TNY266PN provides fast turn-on with no overshoot, ensuring stable and reliable operation.

Noise Reduction

TinySwitch-II devices include innovative design elements to minimize audible noise. The frequency jittering feature dramatically reduces EMI (~10 dB), thereby minimizing the EMI filter component costs

. Additionally, the built-in circuitry in the TNY266PN practically eliminates audible noise, even with standard dipped/varnished transformer construction.

Caratteristiche di protezione

Safety is another critical aspect of the TNY266PN’s design. The device includes built-in current limit and thermal protection features, enhancing the overall safety of the power supply. The current limit operation effectively rejects line frequency ripple, ensuring consistent performance even under fluctuating input conditions

.

ON/OFF Control and Current Limiting

The TNY266PN uses a simple ON/OFF control scheme that eliminates the need for loop compensation, further simplifying the design process. The current limit state machine reduces the current limit threshold by discrete amounts under medium and light loads, providing precise control over power delivery

. The leading edge blanking circuit prevents premature termination of the switching pulse due to current spikes caused by capacitance and secondary-side rectifier reverse recovery time.

References:

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Applicazioni

The Power Integration TNY266PN is utilized in a diverse array of applications due to its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency. It is particularly well-suited for low-cost, high-efficiency power supplies in various fields such as cellular phone chargers, PC standby, TV standby, AC adapters, motor control, appliance control, and ISDN or DSL network termination

. The TNY266PN’s 132 kHz operation enables the use of low-cost EE13 or EF12.6 core transformers while still providing good efficiency. The frequency jitter inherent in the TinySwitch-II series allows for effective input EMI filtering using either a single inductor or two small resistors for applications under 3W, even if lower efficiency is acceptable. The device’s auto-restart feature obviates the need to oversize output diodes for short-circuit conditions, optimizing the design for low cost and maximum efficiency. In charger applications, the auto-restart function eliminates the necessity for a second optocoupler and Zener diode for open loop fault protection, thereby saving costs associated with additional components such as fuses or increased power rating of current sense resistors. The TNY266PN is also efficient in applications requiring constant voltage and constant current output, as it does not rely on bias winding voltage but instead is always powered from the input high voltage, making it highly adaptable for designs needing to work down to zero volts on the output.

Vantaggi e svantaggi

Vantaggi

The TinySwitch-II series, including the TNY266PN, offers several advantages that make it ideal for low-cost and high-efficiency power supplies across various applications. One significant advantage is its fully integrated auto-restart feature, which provides short circuit and open loop fault protection. This integration saves on external component costs and ensures reliability in various conditions

. Additionally, the built-in circuitry almost entirely eliminates audible noise when used with an ordinary dip-varnished transformer, making it a quiet option for sensitive applications . The TNY266PN operates at 132 kHz, which reduces the transformer size and allows for the use of EF12.6 or EE13 cores, contributing to lower system costs and smaller sizes . Furthermore, the device’s frequency jittering capability dramatically reduces EMI by approximately 10 dB, minimizing the need for extensive EMI filtering components . This feature is particularly beneficial for maintaining signal integrity and complying with stringent EMI standards. The TinySwitch-II also offers programmable line undervoltage detection, preventing power on/off glitches and saving additional external component costs . The high-voltage power derived directly from the DRAIN pin eliminates the need for a bias winding, simplifying transformer design and further reducing costs . These advantages make the TNY266PN a cost-effective and efficient solution for applications such as cell-phone chargers, PC standby, TV standby, and AC adapters .

Svantaggi

Despite its numerous advantages, the TNY266PN also has some disadvantages. For applications requiring very high efficiency, the use of a single inductor or two small resistors for input EMI filtering in applications under 3W may result in lower efficiency

. Additionally, while the device’s auto-restart function is beneficial for many applications, it might complicate designs that require precise control over restart conditions, such as in specialized industrial or medical equipment . Another limitation is the TNY266PN’s reliance on high-voltage power derived from the DRAIN pin, which might not be suitable for all design configurations. Although this simplifies the transformer design, it can constrain the flexibility in certain advanced applications where separate bias winding may be preferred for specific performance characteristics . Moreover, while the 132 kHz operation is advantageous for reducing transformer size, it may introduce complexities in designs where lower frequencies are required to meet particular safety or regulatory standards . Finally, the integrated features and high-level integration, while reducing component count and costs, may make the device less adaptable to highly customized or niche applications that require unique configurations or additional external components for fine-tuning .

Confronto con prodotti simili

The TNY266PN is part of the TinySwitch-II family, which includes several models with comparable features but differing specifications to cater to various application needs. Among these, the TNY268PN is another notable member.

TNY266PN vs. TNY268PN

Both the TNY266PN and TNY268PN integrate a 700V power MOSFET, oscillator, high voltage switched current source, current limit, and thermal shutdown circuitry onto a monolithic device

. They both eliminate the need for bias winding by deriving startup and operating power directly from the voltage on the DRAIN pin. Additionally, they incorporate auto-restart, line undervoltage sense, and frequency jittering, which minimizes audio frequency components in a simple ON/OFF control scheme to virtually eliminate audible noise with standard taped/varnished transformer construction.

Functional Characteristics

While the functional characteristics are largely consistent across both devices, the TNY268PN features a slightly higher output power rating. It can provide an output power of 23W at 230VAC and 15W at 85VAC to 265VAC in an open frame design, compared to the TNY266PN’s unspecified power rating within the same context

.

Fault Protection and Efficiency

Both devices include a fully integrated auto-restart circuit that limits output power during fault conditions such as output short circuits or open loops, effectively reducing component count and the cost of secondary feedback circuitry

. These features make them highly reliable for applications requiring high efficiency and robust fault protection.

Design and Noise Reduction

The innovative design of both the TNY266PN and TNY268PN minimizes audio frequency components in their simple ON/OFF control scheme. This practically eliminates audible noise when used with standard taped/varnished transformer construction, enhancing their applicability in noise-sensitive environments

.

Efficienza energetica

Both devices meet stringent energy efficiency standards, including those set by the California Energy Commission (CEC), Energy Star, and the European Union. This makes them ideal for use in eco-friendly applications like cell-phone chargers, PC standby, and TV standby

.

Development and Manufacturing

The TNY266PN, developed by Power Integrations, Inc., is an enhanced, energy-efficient, low-power off-line switcher that integrates several high-performance features designed to lower system costs and improve manufacturing efficiency. This device is particularly advantageous for applications requiring low standby power consumption, such as cell-phone chargers and PC standby power supplies

.

Processo di produzione

Simplified Design

The simple ON/OFF control mechanism of the TNY266PN eliminates the need for loop compensation, simplifying the overall design and reducing manufacturing complexity

. The design inherently prevents power on/off glitches through a programmable line under-voltage detection feature. This feature, along with frequency jittering which reduces EMI by approximately 10 dB, further enhances its suitability for various applications.

Transformer Specifications

The TNY266PN operates at a frequency of 132 kHz, which reduces the required transformer size

. For open-frame designs, the device can deliver output power of 23W at 230VAC and 15W across a voltage range of 85VAC to 265VAC. In non-ventilated, enclosed adapter designs, it provides 16W at 230VAC and 10W across the same voltage range.

Auto-Restart and Safety Features

In the event of a fault condition, such as an output overload or short circuit, the TNY266PN enters auto-restart operation, which helps protect the device and connected systems

. This, combined with built-in current limit and thermal protection, makes the TNY266PN a robust choice for reliable and safe power supply design.

Key Design Features

Costo-efficacia

The TNY266PN offers a more cost-effective solution compared to regulated linear power supplies, RCC (ringing choke converter), discrete PWM (pulse-width modulation), and other integrated or hybrid solutions. This is achieved by simplifying the overall design, which practically eliminates the need for rework during manufacturing

. Additionally, the absence of a bias winding simplifies transformer design and reduces associated costs.

Efficienza energetica

One of the standout features of the TNY266PN is its extreme energy efficiency, branded as EcoSmart®. The device achieves a no-load power consumption of less than 50 mW with a bias winding and less than 250 mW without a bias winding at a 265 VAC input. This efficiency enables it to meet stringent energy requirements set by regulatory bodies such as the California Energy Commission (CEC), Energy Star, and the European Union

.

Prestazioni elevate

The TNY266PN is ideal for high-voltage applications due to its integrated 700 V power MOSFET. It provides high bandwidth for fast turn-on without overshoot, and features built-in current limit and thermal protection to enhance operational safety. The device’s current limit operation rejects line frequency ripple, contributing to its stable performance.